EU, 아웅산 수치 건강에 우려 표명 (미얀마 각종 사진)

 

 유럽연합(EU)이 오랜 가택연금 생활을 하고 있는 버마의 야당 지도자 아웅산 수치 여사의 건강과 최근 구금된 그녀의 주치의에 대해 우려를 나타냈습니다.  

유럽연합은 13일 성명을 통해 버마 군사정부는 즉각 노벨 평화상 수상자인 수치 여사에게 적절한 의료 혜택을 제공하고 변호사 접견권을 허용하라고 촉구했습니다. 

성명은 또 수감자들에 대한 조직적인 고문을 중단하고 의료 혜택을 제공하는 한편 모든 정치범 수감자들을 석방하라고 촉구했습니다.  

유럽연합의 성명은 앞서 수치 여사가 식사를 못한 채 저혈압과 탈수 증세를 보여 주치의의 조수가 대신 진료한 데 따른 것입니다.  

수치 여사가 이끄는 민주주의민족동맹(NLD)측은 12일 그녀의 건강이 호전됐다고 밝혔습니다.  

수치 여사의 주치의는 버마 군사정부에 의해 최근 구금됐으나 정부는 체포이유를 공식적으로 설명하지 않고 있습니다.

 

 

 Aung San Suu Kyi is Burma's opposition heroine, seen here aged two, with her parents and two elder brothers in 1947(아웅산 수지의 두살때 모습. 그녀의 어머니, 아버지 아웅산 장군등)

 

                             As the daughter of General Aung San who led Burma to independence, her homeland was never far from her thoughts 

 

           After a period of time overseas she returned to Burma in 1988, and was soon put under house arrest at her lakeside residence

 

                                                             It was six years before she was released from this first stint in detention. 

 

For the Burmese people, Aung San Suu Kyi represents their best and perhaps sole hope that one day there will be an end to the country's military repression.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/1950505.stm

 

 *아웅 산 (미얀마 민족주의 지도자)  [Aung San]

1914(?) 미얀마 나트마우크~1947. 7. 19 양곤.

미얀마의 독립에 크게 공헌했으나 암살되었다. 제2차 세계대전 이전에는 반영운동(反英運動)에 참여했고 전쟁중에는 일본과 연합했으나 이후 연합군과 협력하여 본격적인 독립운동에 착수했다.

아웅 산의 가문은 영국이 미얀마를 합병한(1886) 이후 반영 저항운동을 주도함으로써 명성이 높았다. 아웅 산은 양곤대학교에 재학하는 동안 학생회 서기로 활동했고 1936년 2월 우 누와 함께 동맹휴학을 이끌었다. 1937년 미얀마가 인도에서 분리되고 이듬해 대학을 졸업한 뒤, 민족주의 조직인 '도바마 아시-아요네'(우리 미얀마인 협회)에서 일하다가 1939년 이 조직의 총서기가 되었다. 1940년 미얀마 독립을 위해 외세의 힘을 필요로 했던 아웅 산은 중국에서 일본과 접촉했다. 일본은 미얀마 침공 때(1942) 일본군을 도울 군대를 양성하도록 아웅 산에게 지시했다. '미얀마 독립군'이라 불린 이 부대는 일본의 미얀마 진출과 함께 성장하여 점령지역의 지방행정을 관장했다. 아웅 산은 바 마우가 이끄는 괴뢰정부(1943~45)에서 국방장관에 올랐으나 일본이 뜻밖의 승리를 거둔다 할지라도 그들이 약속한 미얀마 독립은 결코 쉽지 않음을 느끼게 되었고 일본의 미얀마 독립군에 대한 처우에도 불만을 품었다. 1945년 3월 육군소장이었던 그는 미얀마 국민군을 이끌고 연합군에 협력했다. 1945년 8월 일본이 항복하자 영국 정부는 아웅 산의 군대를 정규군에 편입시키려 했으나 그는 핵심성원들을 규합하여 '인민의용군'을 구성했다. 의용군은 겉으로는 사회봉사를 위한 퇴역병사들의 조직이었으나 미얀마 국민군을 대신해 독립투쟁을 수행하기 위하여 창설된 정치적인 사병조직이었다. 1944년 민족주의 지하운동조직인 반파시스트 인민자유연맹(AFPFL)의 결성을 도왔던 그는 1946년말 이 연합전선을 이용하여 미얀마 행정참사회 부의장으로 취임했다. 아웅 산은 사실상 총리의 역할을 수행했지만 입법거부권을 가진 영국인 총독 밑에 종속되어 있었다. 런던에서 클레멘트 애틀리 총리와 회동한 아웅 산은 1947년 1월 27일, 1년 이내에 미얀마의 독립이 가능하다는 내용의 협정서를 발표했다. 1947년 4월의 제헌의회선거에서 그가 이끄는 AFPFL은 총 202석 가운데 196석을 얻었다. 공산주의자들에 의해 '영국 제국주의의 앞잡이'라는 비난을 받았지만 영국연방에서 벗어난 독립결의안을 지지했다. 같은 해 7월 19일 아웅 산 총리와 그의 동생이 포함된 6명의 각료들은 행정참사회 회의가 진행되던 양곤의 회의실에서 암살되었다. 그뒤 이 암살과 관련되었다는 이유로 전쟁기간 동안 우간다에 억류되어 있던 아웅 산의 정적 우 사우가 처형되었다.

 

*피폐한 미얀마 경제 그리고 초라한 학교('Safe schools' in Burma)

 국가사회주의 군정체제 군사정부가 종식돼야 합니다 군정체제는 자유화 개방화 민주화에 도전이며 빈곤의 경제만 유지할 것 입니다 

                      Save the Children has supplied material for a "safe school" in Pein Nae Chaung village, built to give better protection from storms 

 

 The winds of 140mph (225km/h) destroyed scores of buildings - many of the deaths were caused because people had no safe places to shelter during the storm.

 

Htun Aung Kyaw helped to build the new school. He says: "We really need a good strong school like this one, because if there is another Nargis, it won't fall down and people can come shelter here."

 

 

            Extra brackets on the rafters, using screws instead of nails, and extra cross-beams are some of the ways to make schools stronger 

 

                                                              Here, a local carpenter finishes off a reinforced window in the new building. 

 

Theint Theint Htwe ( left) and her friends draw a map of their village, identifying dangerous low-lying areas so the children will know where to seek shelter if there is another cyclone. 

 

 

                            Eight-year-old Tin Lin Htun (left) survived the cyclone by clinging to a log. His parents also survived but he lost three siblings 

 

One year on, an estimated 500,000 people in the Irrawaddy Delta are still living in poor housing that will not stand up to the rainy season. (Images copyright: Tina Salsbury/Save The Children)

 

*They say they have been through the hardest time but have received very little help.

Their son is now attending primary school but there are no materials apart from a school bag he was given by the children's charity Unicef

 

 *But in the midst of their despair, they chose to adopt a young girl orphaned by Nargis.

Ma Thiri is seven years old. She is the daughter of friends who died during the cyclone.

Ma Thiri says she loves Ma Thandar like her own mother. Ma Thandar treats the little girl like a daughter. She says she cares for her as much as she can, even though she misses her deceased children

*The family pray they will never again encounter such a disaster.

As Buddhists, they say they just wish that their lost children might be able to reincarnate and come back to them.

Ma Thandar is now pregnant - with new life comes new hope.

 

 *미얀마(버마) 난민들 모습

국가사회주의 미얀마 군정체제에서 탈주하여 떠돌아 다니는 미얀마(버마) 주민들

 A Burmese longtail boat speeds across the strait between Victoria Point, at the southern tip of Burma, and the Thai port of Ranong.

This is one of the easiest crossings between the two countries, and the busiest route for illegal immigrants heading for Thailand. Two to three million Burmese are estimated to live in Thailand, most illegally

 

Thai marine police - the equivalent of the coastguard - check a Burmese boat for illegal immigrants. These turn out to be Burmese fishermen hoping to sell their catch for a better price in Thailand.

With so many boats making the crossing to Thailand every day, intercepting illegal migrants at sea is a near-impossible task.

 

 This is the main pier at Ranong, where most visitors from Burma arrive by longtail boat.

If they have travel documents they are allowed to stay for up to a week. Most come over to buy and sell products in the Thai markets, but many stay on illegally and search for work. 

 

These Burmese prawn processing workers are holding a one-day strike in Ranong. They say their new boss cut their wages to well below the official minimum.

Some of the women started working at the prawn factory as young as 13 years old.

These migrants have temporary work permits - but this restricts them to one company, weakening their bargaining power. The strike ends after a couple of hours.

 

These Burmese workers are shifting baskets of prawns in the main seafood market in Mahachai, about an hour뭩 drive south of Bangkok.

This is the centre for Thailand뭩 seafood industry, and a magnet for Burmese workers. It is estimated that about 90% of the workers in the prawn industry here are Burmese, most of them illegal.

 

These baskets of prawns in Mahachai are awaiting transport to one of the dozens of prawn-processing factories in the town. The bulk of the prawns are farmed, with just a few caught at sea.

Thailand is the world뭩 largest exporter of prawns, and most are processed in this town, by Burmese labour. The biggest markets are the United States and Japan, which take about 40% each of the exports, followed by the European Union

 

A young Burmese worker rests briefly while packing ice in the tubs which will transport prawns to the factories in Mahachai.

With or without work permits, these Burmese workers are vulnerable to abuse and exploitation. Many are under age. Recent police raids in Mahachai have discovered factories where Burmese workers were kept in appalling conditions, and barred from leaving for years.

 

This is a Burmese dormitory community in Mahachai. Sometimes 15 people or more live in one room, in cramped and unsanitary conditions. In some provinces even Burmese migrants with work permits are banned from owning motorbikes or mobile phones.

Despite this, most say they are much happier in Thailand, because of the wretched conditions back in Burma, where they have little chance of making sufficient income to sustain a family.

 

These Burmese migrants are being taken off a truck at Mahachai police station, after being caught in their dormitories in the early hours of the morning.

The police regularly raid the Burmese communities for undocumented workers. Those who cannot produce these papers are automatically detained.

 

The migrants await their fate at Mahachai police station. Their hands have been numbered with marker pens to help the police keep track of them ?there are inevitable communication problems as few of the workers speak Thai.

Their only hope of avoiding deportation is if their bosses have been holding work permits for them, and bring them to the police station. If they have sufficient cash they may also be able to bribe their way out

 

They are then led into the cells in the police station. They may be held here for months before the police transport them to the border for deportation.

Most of the Burmese migrants will have borrowed large sums of money - $200-400 (?00-200) ?to pay the brokers who smuggle them in and find them jobs. Paying them back can take more than a year, so deportation is a heavy blow. But many say they will borrow again to come back.

 

This young Burmese mother and daughter live in Mahachai. Both are wearing thanaka, traditional Burmese face cream believed to improve the complexion and protect it from the sun.

Many Burmese migrants leave their children behind with relatives when they come to Thailand, sometimes not seeing them for years. For those that bring their children, giving them an education is difficult. They are not eligible for state schools, and many end up working with their parents in factories.

 

 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/picture_gallery/08/asia_pac_burmese_migrants_/html/6.stm