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Asia-Pacific Region Intelligence Center

Battle for the Bean 본문

Guide Ear&Bird's Eye6/친환경농업(녹색혁명)

Battle for the Bean

CIA bear 허관(許灌) 2015. 9. 13. 09:30

 

 

Brazilians grow more coffee than anyone else in the world, and they enjoy drinking it. Until now, they have favored quantity over quality -- but that is changing. With growing affluence, people are developing a taste for high-end coffee, and this is triggering demand for the finest beans.

When it comes to good coffee, connoisseurs in Brazil are willing to pay a premium. At a specialist shop in Sao Paulo, coffee costs twice as much as at an ordinary street-corner cafe. The difference is that it only uses high-quality coffee beans roasted and freshly ground on the premises.

A customer says she can tell the taste of special coffee. She says that if it tastes good, the price doesn't matter.

Suplicy Cafe owner Marcos Suplicy says Brazilians today prefer better quality coffee compared to 10 years ago.

In June, a major trade show for the coffee industry was held in Sao Paulo. Many of the booths showcased equipment such as large-scale roasting machines and espresso makers -- everything needed for crafting the perfect cup of coffee.

Brazil is the world's top coffee producer, but up to now there was little demand for the highest-quality beans at home. These were mainly set aside for export.

But things are changing, along with people's tastes. Yoshihiro Yamamura is the head of a subsidiary of a major Japanese trading house that has been selling Brazilian coffee beans in Brazil. But 2 years ago, he began marketing higher-quality beans to domestic consumers.

Yamamura's greatest challenge is to procure enough high-quality beans. Recently, he visited a plantation growing coffee beans for export to Japan. He wants the plantation to increase its acreage, so he can provide more of the high-end beans for sale inside Brazil.

Yamamura says quality and safety checks are likely to become tighter in Brazil. He wants to find a partner who can provide beans that can be traced to their farm of origin.

The growing popularity of high-end coffee in Brazil is leading to a battle with exporters to secure high-quality beans. Demand is so strong in the US that a coffee chain there even bought a coffee plantation. The company, FAL Coffee, sends staff to the plantation to oversee quality control -- and all the beans are exported to the United States.

Byron Holcomb, the Director of Agribusiness at the company, says consumption of high-quality coffee in the US is rising by double digits every year.

Now that more Brazilians are also discovering the pleasures of a fine cup of joe, the competition to grab the best-quality beans looks sure to get tougher.

 

*커피나무커피속(Coffea) 식물의 총칭으로 꼭두서니과의 목본으로서 90여 종을 포함한다. 보통 커피 수확을 위해 재배되는 것으로는 아라비카커피·리베리카커피·로부스타커피 등이 있다.

이 중, 아라비카커피(Coffea arabica)가 가장 널리 재배되는데, 높이는 그대로 두면 10m 까지 자란다. 나무껍질은 흰색이고, 잎은 달걀 모양으로 마주난다. 꽃은 흰색이다. 열매는 장과로 짙은 홍색인데, 안에는 2개의 씨가 들어 있다. 한편, 리베리카커피(Coffea liberica)는 높이가 10-l5m 정도이고 나무껍질은 짙은 갈색이며 열매가 큰데, 품질이 좋지 못하다. 또한, 로부스타커피(Coffea canephora)는 가지가 많고 2년 만에 수확하며 열매의 살이 적다. 모두 아프리카가 원산지로 열대에서 자란다. 씨는 커피의 원료가 된다

 

                                                                                     커피 생두를 땅에 심어서 싹이 난 모습

 

                                                                     커피체리를 쪼개보면 사진과 같이 노란 생두가 두 알 들어 있다

                                                                                                                생두     

                                                                                                                  원두

커피 생두는 커피나무 열매 속의 씨앗이다.

다른 씨앗과 마찬가지로 커피 생두도 땅에 심으면 싹이나고, 자라서 커피나무가 되어서 열매를 생산한다

생두를 건조시킨 후 볶으면 원두가 되고커피 원두를 볶아서 분쇄한 후 물에 녹는 성분들을 추출하면 우리가 마시는 원두커피가 된다

 

커피 생산지는 아열대 지역으로 열매(생두)를 땅에 심은 후 2년만에 열매(생두)를 생산한다 노동절감을 위해서는 커피나무 효율적 관리방법[번식방법:파종, 삽목과 시기별  초년생 커피나무 교체]과 대량의 자연산 생두 생산이 필요하다

자연산 생두는 아열대 파종이나 삽목으로 아열대지역 국가들이 고급 커피를 많이 생산하는 것이 올바른다 

Battle for the Bean[열매(생두)와 전쟁]

브라질은 세계에서 다른 사람보다 더 많은 커피를 생산하고, 그들은 그것을 마시고 즐기고 있다. 지금까지, 그들은 품질에 대한 수량을 선호 하지만 변화하고 있다. 부유층 풍요 사람들은 고급 커피 맛을 개발하고 있으며, 이는 정밀한 생두에 대한 수요를 유발한다.